Pediatrics is a medical specialty that focuses on the health and care of children and adolescents.Pediatrics is the medical care of children from birth through adolescence. The word comes from the Greek words pais (child) and iatros (doctor or healer).Pediatricians provide medical care for children who are sick, and preventive health services for healthy children. They also manage the physical, mental, and emotional well-being of children.Pediatricians are often the first to detect signs and symptoms of childhood cancer.Pediatric care starts at birth and lasts through a child’s 21st birthday or longer. Pediatricians prevent, detect and manage physical, behavioral and developmental issues that affect children.